Mergers, acquisitions and strategic alliance Essay

Mergers, acquisitions and key coalition - Essay Example Be that as it may, industry and firm explicit factors at long last oversee the explanation and the motivation behind the mergers and acquisitions and collusions occurring in the worldwide commercial center. While much has been concentrated on the reasons of accomplishment and disappointments of M&A, the vital purposes for the mergers, acquisitions and unions are being taken a gander at in this paper. This paper won't center around the post-merger achievement or disappointment yet focus on the vital reasons that brief firms to go into M&A and unions. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) has been portrayed as ‘among the most significant key choices organizations ever make’ (refered to by Duncan and Mtar, 2006). Acquisitions can be founded on vital choices like market development, item enhancement or area extension. In this way many use it as a method of passage into a remote market where it is hard to begin a completely claimed adventure. Subsequently the choice of M&A relies on the asset based view or the exchange cost investigation. Office hypothesis has likewise been clarified as a M&A procedure. The organization hypothesis fights that director controlled modern firms seek after aggregate broadening. Supervisors profit by the expansion in firm size and dependent on the conviction that huge firms will only here and there come up short and the official pay is connected to the firm size (Lin, Hung and Li, 2006). The asset based view proposes that while firms have substantial and impalpable assets, the assets don 't make esteem except if they associate with different assets. On the off chance that complimentary assets are not under the possession control, the organizations experience issues in understanding the maximum capacity of the assets. This turns into a motivator to converge with different firms that have integral assets. M&A technique can give outside wellsprings of creative abilities to secure the center business. As a similar time,

Caribbean Studies Essay free essay sample

Portray the components that have driven Caribbean transients living in the metropolitan nations to make a home away from home: According to a definition taken from Wikipedia a metropolitan zone is a district comprising of a thickly populated urban center and its less-populated encompassing regions, sharing industry, foundation, and lodging. A transient can be characterized as one that moves starting with one district then onto the next by some coincidence, sense, or plan. The Culture of movement that portrays Caribbean social orders considers relocation to be a way to a superior life, expanded monetary and instructive open doors particularly for their youngsters. Therefore numerous transients decide to make another home in these metropolitan nations. The more noteworthy assortment of chances gave by these metropolitan nations is a principle factor that has prompted transients living in the metropolitan nations to make a home away from home. These nations have increasingly instructive open doors from High schools to top Universities. We will compose a custom article test on Caribbean Studies Essay or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In any case, how can it be that transients don’t simply get training and return? It is on the grounds that when they become qualified their local nation at times doesn't have the openings for work to completely use their aptitudes. The pay rates managed by the local nations are likewise not comparable with that paid by the metropolitan social orders. They additionally have more Job open doors in a wide scope of fields while the Caribbean has a restricted measure of employment and instructive chances. In situations where credits were taken to fund considers, it is increasingly efficient to concentrate abroad and take care of advances, regardless of whether the advances be abroad or at home. Another factor is legislative issues. Contingent upon the political atmosphere, Caribbean vagrants may choose to remain away on the off chance that they feel awkward about the pioneer that has been chosen in their nation of origin and imagine that the adjustment in government will bring a financial downturn. Because of new government, less employments might be created and transients may choose to live away where they have a superior possibility of finding a new line of work. In the Caribbean change of government additionally will in general carry with it loss of employments for some non-supporters. It might be increasingly possible for family members to work abroad and send settlements home to support family. Additionally, the political frameworks in metropolitan nations are increasingly indifferent analyzed the Caribbean arrangement of Government. Because of the way that our islands are so little, residents can fall prey to show disdain toward if the Leader of the nation wishes. It might be progressively positive for certain transients to be in an increasingly indifferent political setting. Natural conditions may likewise be a contributing component. On account of the ordinary events of cataclysmic events in our locale, vagrants may feel increasingly good living ceaselessly where they don’t need to continually stress over catastrophic events obliterating their assets. The conditions after a cataclysmic event, for example, dry season, loss of intensity and the decrease of and shortage of other essential needs may lead transients to live away to maintain a strategic distance from these brutal conditions. To sum up, Caribbean transients living in metropolitan nations may make a home in away from their local home because of three variables. They might be pulled in to the wide scope of chances of the metropolitan nations which doesn’t limit their latent capacity, disheartened to return due to the political atmosphere or the natural conditions.

Some comments on topics of interest

Some comments on topics of interest So, usually I stay away from College Confidential, as it has a way of making me despair of the state of humanity on the rare occasions that I do read it. Every so often, though, I follow Bens link to his CC comments, just to see whats happening in the exciting world of high schoolers and their parents being frantic about their stats and complaining about schools real or imaginary affirmative action policies. There was a thread last month, in the Parents Forum, which was discussing Marilee Jones article about the admissions process and the pressures put on students. It was quite a long thread which went on many different tangents. One of these tangents was about AP classes and the pressure to take them. I was surprised and interested at some of the comments (each of the paragraphs below is a different quote theyre not all part of the same statement). What would I like to see: inasmuch as Stanford says their students present an average of 5 AP, why not go a step farther. TELL students that the school will only look at the BEST 4 AP and will discard ALL the remaining from the file. Want to see students taking 3 SAT and no more: penalize students after the 3 tests by applying a dimninishing scale or discarding any tests after the 4th one. Why would this be so hard after all they put limitations on letters of recommendations, so why not limit AP to a REASONABLE level. And, no matter if this offends someone with 10-15 AP, such a number is RIDICULOUS. And very specifically the head of the UC systems admissions office stated that they like to see (read: you better do it) 17 semesters of AP by graduation. That year, the school board voted to open up many more AP classes and now, to remain competitive in context, the kids have 4 and 5 AP classes on their schedules. Now, go ahead nd tell any high schoolers who has Ivy League ambitions that he or she should not worry about AP before HS even start Now, I completely agree that it should not be a competition to see who takes the most AP tests. I am, however, disturbed that anyone would advocate penalizing a child who took many AP tests, or assume that a child who did so only did so because of pressure from elite colleges. Or arrange scheduling so that it was impossible for students to take more than 2 or 3 AP classes a year, as some advocated. Not to mention, I am shocked that the UC system would pressure high schools to pressure students to take more AP classesI suppose, given context like this, I can understand where some of the negative comments about APs come from. 10-15 APs is not a ridiculous number. Neither is 2-3. Or any number, really. It all depends on the kid. I had 14 (by year, this broke down to 1-3-8-2) and I had a life outside classwork. The thing is, Im not some (using the provided example) California kid who was told in 8th grade that I needed to take five million AP classes to get into an in-state school. Believe it or not, AP mania hasnt hit everywhere. In Kentucky, taking any AP classes is considered impressive, and not at all expected. You can get a special Commonwealth Diploma if you complete the Pre-College Curriculum and take four AP classes and three AP tests in different subject distributions, regardless of score. Of the thousands and thousands of Kentucky high school grads each year, only 9000 have received this special diploma since 1987. The point of the program is not to pile on pressure for the benefit of a high-caliber state university system, its to encourage students to attempt college-level work in a state where f or many, going to any college is seen as an impossible dream. I took AP classes because they were good classes, fun classes. They were mostly better-taught. I took AP French freshman year because French 3 was too easy. I took AP Art History because it was a more interesting way to get my county-required humanities credit than the schools lackluster general humanities classes. I took AP US Gov Politics out of love for the subject matter. I didnt take AP Bio, though I could have done so, because I didnt like the way it was taught. There were fun non-AP classes too. My favorite science class was a non-AP bio/biotech class, and I took dual credit creative writing, intro music theory, special topics in computer science, and a grad-level class in medieval French lit at U of L. But AP classes were the easiest way to access fun, exciting work with good teachers, and my school offered a lot of them, so I took them, fighting admins who told me I was biting off more than I could chew. Why, why, would you want to penalize a student for taking advantage of the challenging opportunities offered them? Rein in the UC system, the adcoms who prize APs at the expense of everything else, the parents who hound their kids to the point where parent and child have both lost perspective, the marketers who push all this. Dont rein in the kids. Another tangent had to do with summer academic programs. There appear to be two main schools of thought regarding this. One is Let the kids be kids and enjoy their summers, rather than having them pad their resumes with math camp. The other is For the kids who do these summer programs, this sort of activity is fun, and if a kid doesnt think its fun, they dont belong at an elite school anyway. I disagree with both of these positions, at least to some extent. I never did any summer academic camps or special programs, though I qualified for many. My parents are divorced and live over 400 miles apart, and to me, summer was time for spending with Dad. Going to the Duke Talent Searchs several-week programs, or other residential summer programs, would have meant several weeks less of time spent with him, and I was not willing to do that. This didnt mean that I did nothing during my summers. I read books. Lots and lots of books. Some people have freakish talents, and mine is speed reading (which helped with all those AP classes); I could sometimes go through three paperbacks in a day if I felt like it and have time left over to play. I pursued hobbies such as the study of civil liberties in constitutional law, using old law textbooks. I ran 45 miles a week to get in shape for cross-country. I swam and dove on summer league teams. I learned how to judge springboard diving from watching my dad, who took up judging as a hobby when I started diving, and asking him questions, and after I turned 15 I became certified to do it myself and volunteered at our meets. I also watched TV, lounged around, took walks, and wandered around the backyard making up stories while tossing a tennis ball against the side of the house and catching it. In other words, I wasnt productive all the time, nor was I doing, say, RSI. And I certainly wasnt thinking about how it would all look on a college application. But I was doing lots of things, fun things. If math camp is your idea of fun, more power to you. If its not, fine. What makes it either fun or resume-padding (or both), is whether youre doing it because you wanted to, or because you wanted to look impressive.

Deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest Essay - 2143 Words

This assignment is based on Key Idea 2: Problems can arise when one group pursues its own interests to the detriment of others. Deforestation in the Amazon has led to conflicting interests in the Amazon region. Potentially it can affect societies worldwide through global warming. In this assignment, I will agree or disagree with the following hypothesis: Deforestation in the Amazon benefits some people at the moment. It also causes problems for other people, both in Brazil and the rest of the world. In order to draw up a conclusion to the hypothesis, I will be looking at the different types of developments, which have already taken place in Brazil and also, the†¦show more content†¦In Brazil, there is a huge inequality between the rich and the poor - 1% of the population owns 45% of the land. Large areas of the Amazon rainforest have been destroyed as governments have tried to develop it to make Brazil a better country. Some estimates suggest that a fifth of the Amazon rainforest was cleared between 1960 and 1990. It is also estimated that approximately 7.5 million hectares of rainforest are being cut down each year. This is extremely unlikely to be replaced. The Amazon rainforest is in extreme danger. Developments such as deforestation are proving to be a huge problem. Developments that have taken place Numerous types of developments have taken place in the Amazon rainforest. The aim of this is to bring wealth to the area by using its natural resources. . A large amount of iron ore, gold, copper, bauxite and other minerals have been discovered in the rainforest. Mining companies have cut down trees to get to these deposits. An example of this is the Carajas Iron Ore Project; this is what led to highway building. A lot of new roads have been built in the rainforest for transport and commuting. The longest is the Trans-Amazonian Highway, a 5300km (3300miles) long road, built across Brazil from east to west. Other major highways, which were built, are the Belà ©m-Brasà ­lia Highway (from Brasà ­lia to Belà ©m) andShow MoreRelatedDeforestation of The Amazon Rainforest945 Words   |  4 Pages Brazil holds the global warming issue in the palms of its hands and the government of the world’s fifth-largest economy doesn’t seem to care. A recent article featured on usat oday.com states that the destruction of the Amazon rainforest rose 28% from August 2012 to July 2013 after 4 straight years of decline (Sibaja, 2013). I’m sure this may surprise some people because of the widespread concern of global warming and the affect it may have on future generations, but I don’t think the Brazilian governmentRead MoreDeforestation Of The Amazon Rainforest833 Words   |  4 Pages David Alas ENF 111 11/01/15 The Deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest I. Introduction A. The Amazon Rainforest is one of the most important natural features of our planet, crucial to our way of life. However, what Godfrey (1990) described as â€Å"one of the world’s last great settlement frontiers† is severely under threat. B. According to some experts, during the past 40 years close to 20 % of the Amazon rainforest has been destroyed. Furthermore, it has been suggested that this figure could beRead MoreDeforestation of The Amazon Rainforest1136 Words   |  5 PagesThe Amazon rainforest is perhaps the richest collection of plant and animals diversity in the world. It recycles rainfall from coastal regions to the continental interior, providing water for Brazil’s inland agriculture. Big industries like Archer Daniels Midland, Bunge, and Cargill have established industrial soy plantations in Brazil that are taking over large plots of land in the Amazon rainforest (Food for Thought). Soy has been popularized in the past decade as a healthy protein substitute forRead MoreDeforestation Of The Amazon Rainforest1779 Words   |  8 PagesSince the year 1970, 758,092 square kilometers of the Amazon rainforest have been lost due to deforestation (â€Å"Changing Deforestation 1†). Deforestation is the permanent destruction of forests in order to make the land available for other uses and has been extremely prevalent in the Amazon rainforest in recent years. Many argue that the deforestation of the Amazon rainforest is wrongful because of its negative impact on the environment while others argue that it is necessary to keep the BrazilianRead MoreThe Deforestation Of The Amazon Rainforest1574 Words   |  7 Pages A real life example of a social dilemma is the deforestation of the amazon rainforest. In the early 2000’s rapid industrialisation, immense scales of agriculture and other economic activities led to 20% of the territory being destroyed. The scale of destruction particularly, within Brazil was so large; NASA released an image confirming the effects were detectable from space, (Winter, 2014) Many of the contributing parties to the problem included, developers, subsistence farmers, cattle-ranchersRead MoreDeforestation in the Amazon Rainforest Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesDeforestation in the Amazon Rainforest: Human degradation and its consequences Deforestation is a word that displays an image of cruelty against nature. In any language, and on every continent, the word deforestation is frowned upon by all social classes, however why it is still happening? The consequences of this act that involves human beings willing to cut down trees, burning plants, and destroy habitats of animals are just actions to satisfy some human being. The Amazon rainforest covers variousRead MoreDeforestation In The Amazon Rainforest Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Deforestation is the clearing of a forest and/or cutting down of trees for human benefits such as agriculture, wood exports, etc. Deforestation is the cause of numerous environmental impacts such as habitat loss, flooding and soil erosion. It can also cause climate change, by reducing the amount of rainfall and changing the amount of sunlight reflected from Earth’s surface and increases the risk of forest . Tree growth is important for biodiversity because they absorb carbon dioxideRead MoreEssay on The Effects of Deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest1093 Words   |  5 Pagesapproximately thirty percent (â€Å"Deforestation†). That is about nine percent of the world’s total surface. The largest rainforest is the Amazon River Basin, located in South America. The Amazon is home to many species of animals, insects, plants and trees. Many of the trees and plants in the Amazon produce about twenty percent of the oxygen on earth, and absorb carbon. However, the Ama zon is decreasing in size every day due to the ongoing deforestation of the land. Deforestation is when the forest of theRead MoreTragedy of Deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pages The Amazon rainforest in Brazil is the world largest rainforest with over 30 million different species of plants, animals and insects. The rainforest used to cover of the earths surface but today only covers . This is mainly because some parts of the forest are being rapidly deforested because the forest is so useful to so many people. Deforestation provides benefits for many different companies which wish to make large amounts of money. Also Brazil owes largeRead MoreImpact Of Deforestation On The Amazon Rainforest Of Brazil, South America, Impact The Environment?1493 Words   |  6 PagesEvaluation Research Summary The question researched was â€Å"How does deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil, South America, impact the environment?† The topic of deforestation in the Amazon was chosen as there is much concern about the problem and for the future of the Earth. There were different research processes used to discover new information about the problems in the Amazon rainforest such as, an interview with a person who currently lives in Brazil, annotating books, journals, internet

Masculinity and Advertising Essay - 5171 Words

Masculinity and Advertising Picture this: There are three beach chairs on a beach and occupying each seat is a male college student. One guy has no shirt on and is wearing a hat. With a smile on his face, he looks to his right. The two guys sitting to his left are each reading a magazine. All three men seem to be enjoying the hot weather and the one looking to his right is enjoying a beer. Coming up on his right are three beautiful girls in bikinis. One girl is blonde, very well developed, and as she walks by you can see her breasts move back and forth with every step she takes. She smiles as she walks by, and by the expression on the guys face he seems to be enjoying what he is seeing. Her two friends, who are brunettes, also have†¦show more content†¦When watching a sporting event or looking at certain topics on the web, it is very easy to see that the advertisement are targeted for men. You will rarely see a detergent commercial during a sporting event or while surfing the web there are no half-nake d women in a TIDE ad. The type of advertising on the web I am talking about are the rectangular boxes that you see at the top of the screen usually with some sort of advertisement on it. Advertising companies who are targeting men will show commercials that involve beer, cars, sports figures who are endorsing the companys product, sports drinks, shaving cream, and Norelco products. These commercials are specifically directed towards men. You have to give some credit to the advertising companies; they know exactly what time of day the majority of men will be watching television and on what sites to put their attention getters. I often ask myself why are men the targets of this style of advertising for T.V. and web sites? I know I can give you several answers to these questions. The first answer would involve the stereotypical society we live in. The men are usually seen as the ones who make the most money; therefore, advertising companiesShow MoreRelated Automotive Advertising and Masculinity Essay2364 Words   |  10 PagesAutomotive Advertising: Fueling Masculinity since Forever There has always been the clichà © of gender roles in toddlers that girls play with dolls and boys play with tools and cars. Is that what is expected of children of each sex, or do adults not know any better? When my male cousin was born when I was sixteen, the baby was showered with gifts of plastic screwdrivers, wrenches, saws, Bob the Builder accessories, and of course--toy cars. Why do we have this preoccupation that little boys--whoRead MoreHow Advertising Affects Our Society Essay1438 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is advertising? It is the billion-dollar industry that is slowly taking over our lives as they try to sell us everything. Advertising is an ever expanding force that has impacted every part of our society, including what clothes you wear, what electronics you buy, and what candidate you should vote for. Advertising is everywhere and in everything. It doesn’t only sell us products anymore, but ideas and morals. Look at any political ad to see what morals society wants humans to have. Ads haveRead MoreThe Representation Of Gender Masculinity1729 Words   |  7 Pagesconstruction of masculinity appears natural. This hegemonic masculinity is so naturalised it becomes invisible and we don’t see or think about it. Law, R (1997) states that â€Å"The concept of hegemonic masculinity allows for us to theorise the simultaneous existence of different constructions of masculinity, the social dominance of some constructions and their legitimation as ‘natural’ and the fluid and contested character of all constructions of gender† Pakeha men are the hegemonic masculinity in a New ZealandRead MoreSusan Bordo1355 Words   |  6 Pages168). She explains that the female body was completely normal for people to look at while on the other hand showing a naked male body was considered a taboo that most people were afraid to break. Over the history of time mainstream perceptions of masculinity have changed dramatically! Everything f rom ads, movies, fashion, character, and what is socially acceptable in todays world has changed since Bordo’s writings. When men started to show more of there bodies people reacted quite differently towardRead MoreVisual images Reinforce Traditional Gender and Sexuality Stereotypes948 Words   |  4 Pagesindividual psyches, normalising certain traits associated with masculinity and femininity, men and women, and impacting upon how we frame and define gender and sexual difference in contemporary consumer culture† . This opinion reinforces the notion that the visual images utilised in advertisements reinforce traditional gender and sexuality stereotypes through the depiction of characteristics traditionally associated with masculinity and femininity. The inherent gender dichotomies apparent in societyRead MoreLiterature Review Of The Old Spice Crews 968 Words   |  4 Pageshave found are and describe briefly how it gives you the context necessary to answer your question effectively. Hegemonic masculinity and media consumption It appears that men are more likely to connect with campaigns that endorse the â€Å"patriarchic culture of aggression, male dominance and control† (Kluch, 2015, p373). For example, considering the two Old Spice advertising campaigns aimed towards attracting opposite sexes, males seemed more supportive of the campaign featuring Terry Crews. Crews’Read MoreSexism Within Advertising : A New Era Of Social Justice1397 Words   |  6 Pagesof completely eradicating them will be even more difficult. An example of these mistreatments is sexism in advertising. Sexism is obviously apparent in advertising due to the fact that it solidifies toxic gender roles, introduces women as objects that can merely be bought, and sexualizes normal woman processes. Gender stereotyping may be one of the most common forms of sexism in advertising. These stereotypes can be broken down into three categories: the stereotype that portrays women as house workersRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1655 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment, female objectification remains normalized in today’s culture. It is incorporated into our society so significantly, that we do not even notice the objectification that permeates the media (Cortese, 2008). Female objectification in advertising is one case in which this issue can be seen. Such advertisements imply gender roles, therefore, influence the values and attitudes associated with misogyny (Hovland, 2005). The integration of patriarchy and capitalism systems in our society hasRead MoreOozing Hegemonic Masculinity in the Super Bowl Commercials702 Words   |  3 Pages2012 Super Bowl commercials ooze hegemonic masculinity. In this post David Mayeda explores how a masculinity can be used to opress men and women a like. Back in 1987, Raewyn Connell coined the term hegemonic masculinity in a seminal text, Gender Power. Hegemonic masculinity refers to the dominant form of masculinity that exists within a particular culture. Relative to this ever changing, idealized form of masculinity are different subordinated masculinities – those within a culture that do not liveRead MoreGender Socialization : Social Expectations And Attitudes Associated With One s Gender1372 Words   |  6 Pagesrevolve around gender and gender socialization. Gender socialization is â€Å"the process of learning the social expectations and attitudes associated with one’s gender† (Chegg). Our book discusses gender socialization regarding the expectations for masculinity and femininity (Wood 2015). Most companies use these expectations to create their advertisements, but some companies contradict the expectations to create a different vision for gender advertisements. The gendered advertisement campaign that I’m

American Bureaucracy Free Essays

Bureaucracy is a form of administration wherein the government is divided into bureaus or different departments which are headed by non-elected officials. This administration is characterized by a highly hierarchal distribution of authority amongst the offices and is guided by rigidly fixed procedures and rules. Max Weber listed characteristics of modern bureaucracies: (1) the functions of the bodies are rigidly fixed by laws; (2) hierarchal and integrated into a chain of command; (3) administrative policies are properly documented; (4) services require apprenticeship; (5) functions entail full devotion to office; and (6) access to this system is also an access to technology, jurisprudence commercial science and administrative science. We will write a custom essay sample on American Bureaucracy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The development of the American Bureaucracy is an end result of the division of classes into societies, wherein in the function serves to secure the acceptance of such orders. Thus, according to Lefort, bureaucracy is normally viewed as service of a dominant class within a specific framework to assure preservation of status for most for the dominant class. Moreover, American bureaucracy is seen to have several negative implications on its government form. Citizens are often concerned on the manner at which principles are being attached to certain issues. It is argued that at most times, people face the imminent danger of being placed at a stand wherein the public good is disregarded due to conflicts from rival parties, and that when the rule of justice and rights of minor party have become overpowered by the force of interested and overbearing majority (Madison, 1787). Thus, it is often said that American bureaucracy has encouraged the splitting of administration into factions, which in turn is an effect of unsteadiness and injustices within the system. These injustices are brought by the government’s influential impact on making judgment towards property sentiments, which at large differ based on the social class – wherein the inequality to acquire property is possible to equate based on social standing (Madison, 1787). Consequently, the manner of representation in the republic is also in question. The process at which a representative or representatives are elected is based on a certain limited number. Hence it will follow that proportionality of the election of officers for certain republic may render them the greater or lesser probability of representation for the emancipation of the republic that they represent (Madison, 1787). On the other hand, there are also positive views attributed in the establishment of American bureaucracy. The establishment of bureaucracy in US has pushed separate departments to become independent and to act according to their own will. This shall also follow that the members of this department will develop their own sense of authority and responsibility over their areas. But nonetheless, the idea of independence for the established departments has remained untrue so far. The independence they posses is only minimal and nominal, because the appointments that are taking place within the system and the process by which orders are done, come strictly from the rigidness of orders from higher authorities. Another thing, this kind of system is highly susceptible to biases and administration corruption, since the appointments made are delivered by higher officials and consequently the works to be done should ought to be addressed to the authority who conferred it to them (Madison 1788). Though the distribution of power amongst these departments is done in such a way that each department serves as checks and balance for the other departments, it still occurs that this distribution of authority, instead of being vigilant to the interest of the public, has rather became a cover up for private interest. And this rhetoric of division of powers which aims to distribute powers equally among different departments couldn’t be in any way possible because it is convenient and not rational to create an equal distribution of power to defend each of their own departments. However, the constitution for the American bureaucracy claims two distinct responsibilities that render this kind of administration rational and beneficial to the society. First, in contrast to bureaucracy, a single republic owes concentration of powers towards one entity, which shall serve as the lone guard against power abuse. On the other hand, in a bureaucratic state, the power is divided between two bodies, thus creating a double security against usurpation of powers by officials. Second, this division makes the interests of the republic more guarded in such a way that the first division guards the society against oppression that may be caused by the other division. Therefore, the two separate departments of the government serve as checks and balance between them (Madison 1788). Thus, bureaucracy does not necessarily entail influence on political and economic regime. Neither that its organization has relation to power, rather, bureaucracy administers itself by splitting its powers into divergence (Lefort, 2007) Moreover, the current trend of American bureaucracy is being put into test. The organization of new departments has sprung from the current US government administration, all geared towards increasing their security, customs, immigration and emergency management. According to reports, this reorganization in the US government shall become the most ambitious US reorganization since 1947. The formation of the new Department of Homeland Security shall ideally and constitutionally become the guardian of Americans against terrorist attacks, immigration advocates, and business lobbyists. However, this shall also post a great challenge on coping from the changes that it will allow. The problem shall be rooted on the dilemma of balancing old and new traditions in such a way that this will not disrupt the functions that it is ought to serve for the government and the society (Alden, 2002). Bureaucracy has served its purpose in the American government. Though it varies widely between the positive and the negative feedbacks that it has encountered over its practice, bureaucracy has indeed become an institution in the American government administration. Further, it has its process closely tied to the process of capitalist rationalization. It forms a type of social organization and establishes social strata and dictates a relationship among its members. References Alden, Edward. (22 November 2002) A Battle of American Bureaucracy. Financial Times. Retrieved November 15, 2007, from http://www. globalsecurity. org/org/news/2002/021122-secure01. htm Lefort, Claude. What is Bureaucracy? Retrieved November 15, 2007, from http://www. generation-online. org/h/fplefort. htm Madison, James. (1787 November 22) The Utility of the Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection. Daily Advertiser. Madison, James. (1788 February 6) The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments. Independent Journal. How to cite American Bureaucracy, Papers

One World Essay free essay sample

Water, is essential to all forms of life. Water plays a huge part in our lives whether you realize it or not. It ties in with many different factors, some being political, social, environmental and ethical. Singapore has her own water issue as well. Science plays a major role in today’s world this also includes issue of water and the benefits and limitation science can provide for Singapore in her water issue. Water is extremely vital for our survival. According to (Water Partners International. We will write a custom essay sample on One World Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2008), only about 0. 07% of all water on earth is ready to be consumed by a human and that without water, a human can only live for three days, approximately 2. 6 billion people on Earth lacks access to a safe supply of dirking water which leads to the fact that water-related diseases are one of the leading causes of disease and death in the world. According to (Water Partners International. 2008), every 15 seconds, a child dies from a water-related disease. This shows us the extreme importance of water in our lives and without it we will perish, so we should not be taking what we have for granted. Singapore is a young and small country who gained her independence from Malaysia in 1965. Singapore had to rely on Malaysia for water since then till today due to her size and the amount of people living in Singapore. Singapore has advanced from being a third world country to a first world country in the past century however she still lacks the ability to produce enough drinking water for the population which according to the (CIA. 2008) is 4,608,167 people. Thus till today, Singapore still acquires water from Malaysia. According to (Lee, Poh Onn. 003), Singapore depends on Malaysia for nearly 40% of her water supply. This turns into a political issue when Malaysia threatens to cut off Singapore’s water supply from time to time. However according to (Lee, Poh Onn. 2003), â€Å"the Malaysian authorities have made repeated assurances that Malaysia intends to observe the 1961 and 1962 water agreements made with Singapore up to 2011 and 2061 respectively. † These agreement made between the two countries allow Singapore to acquire up to 1. 55 million m3 of water per day (Lee, Poh Onn. 2003). Unfortunately, it does not end here. In January 2002, the Malaysia government noted that they would like to secure a fairer price for raw water from Singapore (Lee, Poh Onn. 2003). Thus in result to the new demands of pricing, Singapore started to resorts into finding new ways to acquire water. In April 2002, they came up with the NEWater and desalination ideas which seemed as an alternative which would lessen Singapore’s present reliance on Malaysia (Lee, Poh Onn. 2003). However this play would only be in full motion in the year 2011. So as for the time being, the political tension for water continues. So the Singaporean government realized that depending on other countries for water put them in a very vulnerable position and if by any chance Malaysia suddenly decided to cut off our supply of water, what would become of the nation? This led to the creation of NEWater, to serve the purpose of the being the fourth national tap to fulfill the growing water consumption of Singapore (RGS. 2007). Science can help solve this water issue as technology today is advance enough to be able to convert sea water into drinking water, through desalination and by that producing clean drinking water. The production for clean drinking water goes though a number of processes. Below is the process of which seawater is turned into drinking water: What we can benefit from science is that we are able to treat our water to reuse and recycle it again and again. We are also able to convert sea water into drinking water if needed. However, the limitations are that the process is very costly and it might upset the balance of density and temperature in the sea which might lead to other issues such as global warming. Another limitation links in with a social issue which is if the people would comply to drink the water which has been processed. This diagram below shows Singapores current plan of maintaining a sufficient amount of water for the population: (Singapore Public Utilities Board (PUB). 2008) The idea of NEWater is very appealing and ideal. However there is a social issue it has to deal with. Singaporeans are very â€Å"kiasu (picky)† of what they consume. So the idea of drinking water which was once from their own toilet bowls doesn’t really matter to them weather it has been purified or not. This leaves the government in a very tight position. After much debating and convincing, â€Å"82% of Singaporeans are prepared to drink NEWater, while 16% of the people are prepared to drink NEWater if it is mixed with reservoir water and the remaining minority of 2% of Singaporeans still cannot accept NEWater into their daily lives. Therefore, the government is planning to progressively increase the amount of NEWater injected into our reservoirs so as to allow people to get used to drinking NEWater and accepting it into their daily lives. (RGS. 2007). Apart from local issues, water plays a very important part to the environment. Without water, everything would be dry as sand. Without water we wouldn’t be able to breathe as plants require water to photosynthesize. Without water there would be an almost instantaneous change in global temperature. However, even if somehow we lost all the water in the world and still could miraculously survive, we would lose a huge beauty in ou r world. Water not only brings us life, it gives us an environment to live in. Without water we lose: the wind, clouds, oceans, waterfalls, rainbows, snow, ice, diving, coral reefs, diving, swimming, surfing, ice cream, even centuries of tradition like the Winter Olympic Games. Anything that is required of water we lose. That is why we must preserve our oceans and water even if science allows us to somehow live without water. Water also plays a major part in ethical issues such as religions. In many religions, water is used to cleanse the soul. Or purify a being. For example, when being baptized in Christianity, holy water is sprinkled over a person (Farlex Inc. 003). Due to the all the facts given and discussed, I believe that it is safe to conclude that water is not only one of the main essence of life to us and all living things but also a beauty of which should never be taken away.